2024年政府工作报告(四）

三、2024年政府工作任务

III. Major Tasks for 2024

党中央对今年工作作出了全面部署，我们要深入贯彻落实，紧紧抓住主要矛盾，着力突破瓶颈制约，扎实做好各项工作。

The CPC Central Committee has adopted overall guidelines for this year's work. We must fully carry them out, stay focused on principal issues, and work to remove development bottlenecks, so as to deliver a good performance.

（一）大力推进现代化产业体系建设，加快发展新质生产力。充分发挥创新主导作用，以科技创新推动产业创新，加快推进新型工业化，提高全要素生产率，不断塑造发展新动能新优势，促进社会生产力实现新的跃升。

1. Striving to modernize the industrial system and developing new quality productive forces at a faster pace

We should give full rein to the leading role of innovation, spur industrial innovation by making innovations in science and technology and press ahead with new industrialization, so as to raise total factor productivity, steadily foster new growth drivers and strengths, and promote a new leap forward in the productive forces.

推动产业链供应链优化升级。保持工业经济平稳运行。实施制造业重点产业链高质量发展行动，着力补齐短板、拉长长板、锻造新板，增强产业链供应链韧性和竞争力。实施制造业技术改造升级工程，培育壮大先进制造业集群，创建国家新型工业化示范区，推动传统产业高端化、智能化、绿色化转型。加快发展现代生产性服务业。促进中小企业专精特新发展。弘扬工匠精神。加强标准引领和质量支撑，打造更多有国际影响力的“中国制造”品牌。

We will work to upgrade industrial and supply chains. 

We will ensure the stable performance of the industrial sector. An initiative for pursuing high-quality development of key manufacturing chains will be launched, with a focus on shoring up weak links, reinforcing strengths, and fostering new capabilities, so as to enhance the resilience and competitiveness of industrial and supply chains. 

We will carry out technology transformation and upgrading in the manufacturing sector, foster and build up advanced manufacturing clusters, and develop national demonstration zones for new industrialization to make traditional industries higher-end, smarter, and more eco-friendly. 

Modern producer services will be developed at a faster pace. We will promote the development of SMEs that use specialized and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products. We will call for the pursuit of superior workmanship. We will also provide stronger guidance and support on quality and standards to create more Chinese brands with global reach.

积极培育新兴产业和未来产业。实施产业创新工程，完善产业生态，拓展应用场景，促进战略性新兴产业融合集群发展。巩固扩大智能网联新能源汽车等产业领先优势，加快前沿新兴氢能、新材料、创新药等产业发展，积极打造生物制造、商业航天、低空经济等新增长引擎。制定未来产业发展规划，开辟量子技术、生命科学等新赛道，创建一批未来产业先导区。鼓励发展创业投资、股权投资，优化产业投资基金功能。加强重点行业统筹布局和投资引导，防止产能过剩和低水平重复建设。

We will actively foster emerging industries and future-oriented industries. 

We will launch industrial innovation projects, improve the industrial ecosystem, expand application of innovations, and promote integrated and clustered development of strategic emerging industries. 

We will consolidate and enhance our leading position in industries such as intelligent connected new-energy vehicles, step up development of hydrogen power, new materials, innovative drugs and other cutting-edge sectors, and foster new growth engines in fields such as biomanufacturing, commercial spaceflight, and the low-altitude economy. 

We will formulate development plans for the industries of the future, open up new fields such as quantum technology and life sciences, and create a number of zones for pioneering the development of future-oriented industries. We will encourage the development of venture capital and equity investment and improve the functions of industrial investment funds. We will strengthen coordination, planning, and investment guidance for key sectors to prevent overcapacity and poor-quality, redundant development.

深入推进数字经济创新发展。制定支持数字经济高质量发展政策，积极推进数字产业化、产业数字化，促进数字技术和实体经济深度融合。深化大数据、人工智能等研发应用，开展“人工智能+”行动，打造具有国际竞争力的数字产业集群。实施制造业数字化转型行动，加快工业互联网规模化应用，推进服务业数字化，建设智慧城市、数字乡村。深入开展中小企业数字化赋能专项行动。支持平台企业在促进创新、增加就业、国际竞争中大显身手。健全数据基础制度，大力推动数据开发开放和流通使用。适度超前建设数字基础设施，加快形成全国一体化算力体系，培育算力产业生态。我们要以广泛深刻的数字变革，赋能经济发展、丰富人民生活、提升社会治理现代化水平。

深入推进数字经济创新发展。制定支持数字经济高质量发展政策，积极推进数字产业化、产业数字化，促进数字技术和实体经济深度融合。深化大数据、人工智能等研发应用，开展“人工智能+”行动，打造具有国际竞争力的数字产业集群。实施制造业数字化转型行动，加快工业互联网规模化应用，推进服务业数字化，建设智慧城市、数字乡村。深入开展中小企业数字化赋能专项行动。支持平台企业在促进创新、增加就业、国际竞争中大显身手。健全数据基础制度，大力推动数据开发开放和流通使用。适度超前建设数字基础设施，加快形成全国一体化算力体系，培育算力产业生态。我们要以广泛深刻的数字变革，赋能经济发展、丰富人民生活、提升社会治理现代化水平。

We will promote innovative development of the digital economy. 

We will formulate policies to support high-quality development of the digital economy. We will actively develop the digital industry, transform traditional industries with digital technologies, and fully integrate digital technology into the real economy. 

We will step up R&D and application of big data and AI, launch an AI Plus initiative, and build digital industry clusters with international competitiveness. We will work to digitalize the manufacturing sector and fast-track the large-scale application of the Industrial Internet. We will also promote the digitalization of the service sector, build smart cities and digital villages, and launch SME digital empowerment initiatives. We will support platform enterprises in playing their part in promoting innovation, boosting employment, and competing on the international stage. 

We will improve basic data systems and vigorously promote the development, openness, distribution, and utilization of data. We will develop appropriately future-oriented digital infrastructure, work faster to create a nationally unified computing system, and foster industrial ecosystems for computing. We will pursue a profound and wide-ranging digital transformation to drive economic development, enrich people's lives, and make new advances in modernizing social governance.

（二）深入实施科教兴国战略，强化高质量发展的基础支撑。坚持教育强国、科技强国、人才强国建设一体统筹推进，创新链产业链资金链人才链一体部署实施，深化教育科技人才综合改革，为现代化建设提供强大动力。

2. Invigorating China through science and education and consolidating the foundations for high-quality development

We will make holistic and coordinated efforts to strengthen China's education, science and technology, and workforce, integrate planning and policy implementation for innovation, industrial, capital, and talent chains, and deepen comprehensive reforms of education, science and technology, and human resources, so as to create a strong impetus for our modernization drive.

加强高质量教育体系建设。全面贯彻党的教育方针，坚持把高质量发展作为各级各类教育的生命线。制定实施教育强国建设规划纲要。落实立德树人根本任务，推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设。开展基础教育扩优提质行动，加快义务教育优质均衡发展和城乡一体化，改善农村寄宿制学校办学条件，持续深化“双减”，推动学前教育普惠发展，加强县域普通高中建设。减轻中小学教师非教学负担。办好特殊教育、继续教育，引导规范民办教育发展，大力提高职业教育质量。实施高等教育综合改革试点，优化学科专业和资源结构布局，加快建设中国特色、世界一流的大学和优势学科，建强应用型本科高校，增强中西部地区高校办学实力。加强学生心理健康教育。大力发展数字教育。弘扬教育家精神，建设高素质专业化教师队伍。我们要坚持教育优先发展，加快推进教育现代化，厚植人民幸福之本，夯实国家富强之基。

We will develop a high-quality education system. 

We will fully implement the Party's education policy and regard high-quality development as the lifeblood of education of various types at all levels. We will formulate and implement a national program for strengthening education. We will carry out the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and promote integrated development of the political education curriculum across all levels, from elementary school to university. 

We will launch an initiative to upgrade basic education, accelerate high-quality, well-balanced development and urban-rural integration of compulsory education, improve conditions in boarding schools in rural areas, and continue efforts to relieve students of excessive burdens from homework and off-campus tutoring. We will enhance public-interest preschool education and promote the development of regular county high schools. We will work to alleviate the non-teaching workload of secondary and primary school teachers. We will improve special needs education and continuing education, guide and regulate the development of private education, and redouble efforts to improve vocational education. 

We will pilot comprehensive higher-education reform, optimize the composition of disciplines and majors and the layout of resources, and accelerate efforts to develop world-class universities and leading disciplines with Chinese features. We will strengthen applied undergraduate education and improve the operational capacity of higher education institutions in central and western regions. Mental health education for students will be enhanced. We will vigorously develop digital education. 

We will promote the ethos of educators and see that teachers are professionally competent. We will give high priority to the development of education and speed up efforts to modernize education so as to lay a solid foundation for enhancing the wellbeing of our people and the prosperity of our nation.

加快推动高水平科技自立自强。充分发挥新型举国体制优势，全面提升自主创新能力。强化基础研究系统布局，长期稳定支持一批创新基地、优势团队和重点方向，增强原始创新能力。瞄准国家重大战略需求和产业发展需要，部署实施一批重大科技项目。集成国家战略科技力量、社会创新资源，推进关键核心技术协同攻关，加强颠覆性技术和前沿技术研究。完善国家实验室运行管理机制，发挥国际和区域科技创新中心辐射带动作用。加快重大科技基础设施体系化布局，推进共性技术平台、中试验证平台建设。强化企业科技创新主体地位，激励企业加大创新投入，深化产学研用结合，支持有实力的企业牵头重大攻关任务。加强健康、养老、助残等民生科技研发应用。加快形成支持全面创新的基础制度，深化科技评价、科技奖励、科研项目和经费管理制度改革，健全“揭榜挂帅”机制。加强知识产权保护，制定促进科技成果转化应用的政策举措。广泛开展科学普及。培育创新文化，弘扬科学家精神，涵养优良学风。扩大国际科技交流合作，营造具有全球竞争力的开放创新生态。

We will move faster to boost self-reliance and strength in science and technology. 

We will fully leverage the strengths of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to raise China's capacity for innovation across the board. We will plan basic research systematically and provide long-term, sustained support to a number of innovation bases, teams with distinctive strengths, and research priorities, so as to enhance our capacity for original innovation. 

To meet major national strategic demands and demands of industrial development, we will launch a number of major science and technology programs. We will pool our country's strategic scientific and technological strength and non-governmental innovation resources to make breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields and step up research on disruptive and frontier technologies. 

We will improve the running of national laboratories and leverage the leading role of international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation. We will speed up the systematic planning of major scientific and technological infrastructure and promote the development of generic technology platforms and pilot-scale testing platforms. 

We will reinforce the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, encourage enterprises to increase investment in innovation, promote closer collaboration between industries, universities, research institutes, and end-users, and support enterprises with distinctive strengths in heading up major R&D projects. 

We will strengthen R&D and application of technologies that promote people's wellbeing in fields such as health, elderly care, and assistance for people with disabilities. We will speed up efforts to establish basic systems for supporting all-around innovation, further reform the appraisal and reward systems for scientific and technological advances and the management system for research projects and funding, and improve the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects. 

We will bolster intellectual property rights protection and formulate policies and measures for better application of scientific and technological advances. Extensive efforts will be made to raise science literacy among the public. We will foster a culture of innovation, champion the spirit of our nation's scientists, and promote fine academic conduct. We will expand science and technology exchanges and cooperation with other countries and create an open and globally competitive innovation ecosystem.

（三）着力扩大国内需求，推动经济实现良性循环。把实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合起来，更好统筹消费和投资，增强对经济增长的拉动作用。

3. Expanding domestic demand and promoting sound economic flows

We will integrate the strategy of expanding domestic demand with efforts to deepen supply-side structural reform and better coordinate consumption and investment, so as to more effectively drive economic growth.

促进消费稳定增长。从增加收入、优化供给、减少限制性措施等方面综合施策，激发消费潜能。培育壮大新型消费，实施数字消费、绿色消费、健康消费促进政策，积极培育智能家居、文娱旅游、体育赛事、国货“潮品”等新的消费增长点。稳定和扩大传统消费，鼓励和推动消费品以旧换新，提振智能网联新能源汽车、电子产品等大宗消费。推动养老、育幼、家政等服务扩容提质，支持社会力量提供社区服务。优化消费环境，开展“消费促进年”活动，实施“放心消费行动”，加强消费者权益保护，落实带薪休假制度。实施标准提升行动，加快构建适应高质量发展要求的标准体系，推动商品和服务质量不断提高，更好满足人民群众改善生活需要。

We will promote steady growth in consumer spending. 

We will take a full range of steps to unlock potential demand by increasing incomes, improving supply, and reducing restrictions. We will develop new types of consumption, launch policies to promote digital, environmentally-friendly, and health-related consumption, and foster new areas of consumption growth such as smart homes, entertainment, tourism, sports events, and domestic brands with Chinese design elements. 

While stabilizing and expanding conventional consumption, we will encourage and promote consumer goods trade-in programs and boost spending on intelligent connected new-energy vehicles, electronic products, and other big-ticket items. Efforts will be made to upgrade elderly and child care, housekeeping and other services and make them more accessible, and support will be given to private entities providing community services. 

To improve the consumption environment, we will launch a year-long program to stimulate consumption and roll out a "worry-free consumption" initiative. We will strengthen protection of consumer rights and interests and fully implement paid leave. An initiative will be launched to upgrade standards and speed up the establishment of a system of standards to facilitate high-quality development. This will ensure steady improvement in the quality of goods and services and meet the people's needs for a better life.

（四）坚定不移深化改革，增强发展内生动力。推进重点领域和关键环节改革攻坚，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境，推动构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制。

4. Continuing to deepen reform and boosting internal momentum for development 

We will press ahead with critical reform tasks in key areas and at crucial links. We will see that the market plays the decisive role in the allocation of resources and the government better fulfills its role. We will foster a world-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized and strive to build a high-standard socialist market economy.

激发各类经营主体活力。国有企业、民营企业、外资企业都是现代化建设的重要力量。要不断完善落实“两个毫不动摇”的体制机制，为各类所有制企业创造公平竞争、竞相发展的良好环境。完善中国特色现代企业制度，打造更多世界一流企业。深入实施国有企业改革深化提升行动，做强做优主业，增强核心功能、提高核心竞争力。建立国有经济布局优化和结构调整指引制度。全面落实促进民营经济发展壮大的意见及配套举措，进一步解决市场准入、要素获取、公平执法、权益保护等方面存在的突出问题。提高民营企业贷款占比、扩大发债融资规模，加强对个体工商户分类帮扶支持。实施降低物流成本行动，健全防范化解拖欠企业账款长效机制，坚决查处乱收费、乱罚款、乱摊派。弘扬优秀企业家精神，积极支持企业家专注创新发展、敢干敢闯敢投、踏踏实实把企业办好。

We will work to stimulate the vitality of market entities. 

SOEs, private businesses, and foreign-funded companies all play an important role in China's modernization drive. We will work unswervingly both to consolidate and develop the public sector and to encourage, support, and guide development of the non-public sector. We will strive to create a sound environment in which enterprises under all forms of ownership can compete and grow on a level playing field. 

We will improve the modern corporate system with distinctive Chinese features and cultivate more world-class enterprises. The initiative to deepen and upgrade SOE reform will be advanced to see that SOEs improve their core business, enhance their core functions, and increase their core competitiveness. We will establish a system to provide guidance on improving the layout and adjusting structure of the state-owned sector. 

We will fully implement the guidelines and their supporting measures on promoting the development of the private sector and further address prominent problems concerning market access, access to factors of production, impartial law enforcement, and protection of rights and interests. 

The share of loans to private businesses will be increased, and the scale of financing for private businesses raised through bond issuance will be expanded. We will provide more assistance and support to self-employed individuals on a category-by-category basis. 

We will take steps to reduce logistic costs, improve the long-term mechanism for preventing and settling overdue payments owed to private businesses, and take resolute action to crack down on the imposition of arbitrary charges, fines, and quotas. We will promote fine entrepreneurial spirit and support entrepreneurs in focusing on innovative development, seizing the initiative to make bold explorations and invest in new operations, and leading their companies to greater success.

推进财税金融等领域改革。建设高水平社会主义市场经济体制改革先行区。谋划新一轮财税体制改革，落实金融体制改革部署，加大对高质量发展的财税金融支持。深化电力、油气、铁路和综合运输体系等改革，健全自然垄断环节监管体制机制。深化收入分配、社会保障、医药卫生、养老服务等社会民生领域改革。

We will advance fiscal, tax, and financial reforms. 

We will set up pilot reform zones for building a high-standard socialist market economy and make plans for new reforms for the fiscal and taxation systems. We will implement plans for the reform of the financial system and increase fiscal, tax, and financial support to promote high-quality development. We will advance reforms in areas such as the electricity, oil and gas, and railway sectors and the integrated transportation system, and improve the system and mechanism for regulating sectors of natural monopoly. Reform will also be advanced in areas important to the people's lives, including income distribution, social security, medicine, healthcare, and elderly care.

（五）扩大高水平对外开放，促进互利共赢。主动对接高标准国际经贸规则，稳步扩大制度型开放，增强国内国际两个市场两种资源联动效应，巩固外贸外资基本盘，培育国际经济合作和竞争新优势。

5. Pursuing higher-standard opening up and promoting mutual benefits

We will promote alignment with high-standard international economic and trade rules, steadily expand institutional opening up, and amplify the interplay between domestic and international markets and resources. We will ensure the overall stable performance of foreign trade and foreign investment and foster new strengths in international economic cooperation and competition.

推动外贸质升量稳。加强进出口信贷和出口信保支持，优化跨境结算、汇率风险管理等服务，支持企业开拓多元化市场。促进跨境电商等新业态健康发展，优化海外仓布局，支持加工贸易提档升级，拓展中间品贸易、绿色贸易等新增长点。积极扩大优质产品进口。完善边境贸易支持政策。全面实施跨境服务贸易负面清单。出台服务贸易、数字贸易创新发展政策。加快内外贸一体化发展。办好进博会、广交会、服贸会、数贸会、消博会等重大展会。加快国际物流体系建设，打造智慧海关，助力外贸企业降本提效。

We will work to steadily increase the volume and raise the quality of foreign trade. 

We will intensify support for import and export credit and export credit insurance and improve cross-border settlements, risk management for foreign exchange, and other services; we will support businesses in diversifying overseas markets. We will promote the healthy development of cross-border e-commerce and other new forms of business. Efforts will be made to optimize the layout of overseas warehouses, facilitate the upgrading of the processing trade, and increase new growth drivers for foreign trade, including trade in intermediate goods and green trade. 

Imports of high-quality goods will be boosted. Policies to support border trade will be improved. We will fully apply the negative list for cross-border trade in services and adopt policies to promote innovative development of trade in services and digital trade. We will promote coordinated development of domestic and foreign trade. Major trade events will be hosted, such as the China International Import Expo, the China Import and Export Fair, the China International Fair for Trade in Services, the Global Digital Trade Expo, and the China International Consumer Products Expo. We will move faster to build an international logistic services system, carry out the Smart Customs initiative, and help foreign trade enterprises lower costs and boost efficiency.

深化多双边和区域经济合作。推动落实已生效自贸协定，与更多国家和地区商签高标准自贸协定和投资协定。推进中国－东盟自贸区3.0版谈判，推动加入《数字经济伙伴关系协定》、《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》。全面深入参与世贸组织改革，推动建设开放型世界经济，让更多合作共赢成果惠及各国人民。

We will deepen multilateral, bilateral, and regional economic cooperation. 

We will work for the implementation of free trade agreements that have come into force and conclude high-standard free trade agreements and investment treaties with more countries and regions. We will move forward with negotiations on building a Version 3.0 China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and work toward joining the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. We will get fully involved in the reform of the World Trade Organization and promote the building of an open global economy, so that the fruits of mutually beneficial cooperation will benefit people around the world.